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AN-NISA (WOMEN)AN-NISA (WOMEN)
Total Verses: 176
Revealed At: MADINA
Period of Revelation
This surah comprises several discourses which were revealed on different occasions during the
period ranging probably between the end of A.H. 3 and the end of A.H. 4 or the beginning of A.H.
5. Although it is difficult to determine the exact dates of their revelations, yet it is possible to
assign to them a fairly correct period with the help of the Commandments and the events
mentioned therein and the Traditions concerning them. A few instances are given below by way of
illustration:
- We know that the instructions about the division of inheritance of the martyrs and for the
safeguard of the rights of the orphans were sent down after the Battle of Uhud in which 70
Muslims were killed. Then naturally the question of the division of the inheritance of the martyrs
and the safeguard of the rights of their orphans arose in many families at Al-Madinah. From this
we conclude that vv. 1-28 were revealed on that occasion;
- We learn from the Traditions that the Commandment about salat during war time was given on
the occasion of Zat-ur-Riqa'a, an expedition which took place in A.H. 4. From this we conclude that
the discourse containing v. 102 was revealed on that occasion;
- The last warning (v. 47) to the Jews was given before the Banu Nadir were exiled from Al-
Madinah in Rabi'-ul Awwal, A.H. 4. From this it may safely be concluded that the discourse
containing v. 47 must have been revealed some time before that date;
- The permission abouttayammum (the performance of ablutions with pure dust, in case no water
be available) was given during the Bani-al-Mustaliq expedition, which took place in A.H. 5.
Therefore the probable period of the revelation of the discourse containing v. 43 was A.H. 5.
Sequence
Though it is a Madani surah, it follows naturally a Makki surah Al-Fatihah, which ended with the
prayer: "Show us the straight way". It begins with the answer to that prayer, "This is the Book
(that) . . . is guidance. The greater part of Al-Baqarah was revealed during the first two years of
the Holy Prophet's life at Al-Madinah. The smaller part which was revealed at a later period has
been included in this surah because its contents are closely related to those dealt with in this
surah. For instance, the verses prohibiting interest were revealed during the last period of the Holy
prophet's life but have been inserted in this surah. For the same reason, the last verses (284-286)
of this surah which were revealed at Makkah before the migration of the Holy Prophet to Al-
Madinah have also been included in it.
Topics and Their Background
Let us now consider the social and historical considerations of the period in order to understand
the surah. All the discourses in this surah deal with three main problems which confronted the Holy
Prophet at the time. First of all, he was engaged in bringing about an all round development of the
Islamic Community that had been formed at the time of his migration to Al-Madinah. For this
purpose he was introducing new moral, cultural, social, economic and political ways in place of the
old ones of the pre-Islamic period. The second thing that occupied his attention and efforts was
the bitter struggle that was going on with the mushrik Arabs, the Jewish clans and the hypocrites
who were opposing tooth and nail his mission of reform. Above all he had to propagate Islam in
the face of the bitter opposition of these powers of evil with a view to capturing more and more
minds and hearts.
Accordingly, detailed instructions have been given for the consolidation and strengthening of the
Islamic Community in continuation of those given in Al-Baqarah. Principles for the smooth running
of family life have been laid down and ways of settling family disputes have been taught. Rules
have been prescribed for marriage and rights of wife and husband have been apportioned fairly
and equitably. The status of women in the society has been determined and the declaration of the
rights of orphans has been made laws and regulations have been laid down for the division of
inheritance, and instructions have been given to reform economic affairs. The foundation of the
penal code has been laid down, drinking has been prohibited, and instructions have been given for
cleanliness and purity. The Muslims have been taught the kind of relations good men should have
with their Allah and fellow men. Instructions have been given for the maintenance of discipline in
the Muslim Community.
The moral and religious condition of the people of the Book has been reviewed to teach lessons to
the Muslims and to forewarn them to refrain from following in their footsteps. The conduct of the
hypocrites has been criticized and the distinctive features of hypocrisy and true faith have been
clearly marked off to enable the Muslims to distinguish between the two. In order to cope with the
aftermath of the Battle of Uhud, inspiring discourses were sent down to urge the Muslims to face
the enemy bravely, for the defeat in the Battle had so emboldened the mushrik Arab clans and the
neighbouring Jews and the hypocrites at home that they were threatening the Muslims on all sides.
At this critical juncture, Allah filled the Muslims with courage and gave them such instructions as
were needed during that period of war clouds. In order to counteract the fearful rumours that were
being spread by the hypocrites and the Muslims of weak faith, they were asked to make a
thorough enquiry into them and to inform the responsible people about them. Then they were
experiencing some difficulties in offering their salat during the expeditions to some places where
no water was available for performing their ablutions, etc. In such cases they were allowed to
cleanse themselves with pure earth and to shorten the salat or to offer the "Salat of Fear", when
they were faced with danger. Instructions were also given for the solution of the puzzling problem
of those Muslims who were scattered among the unbelieving Arab clans and were often involved in
war. They were asked to migrate to Al-Madinah, the abode of Islam.
This surah also deals with the case of Bani Nadir who were showing a hostile and menacing
attitude, in spite of the peace treaties they had made with the Muslims. They were openly siding
with the enemies of Islam and hatching plots against the Holy Prophet and the Muslim Community
even at Al-Madinah itself. They were taken to task for their inimical behaviour and given a final
warning to change their attitude, and were at last exiled from Al-Madinah on account of their
misconduct.
The problem of the hypocrites, who had become very troublesome at that time, was involving the
Believers in difficulties. Therefore they were divided into different categories to enable the Muslims
to deal with them appropriately. Clear instructions were also given regarding the attitude they
should adopt towards the non-belligerent clans. The most important thing needed at that time was
to prepare the Muslims for the bitter struggle with the opponents of Islam. For this purpose
greatest importance was attached to their character building, for it was obvious that the small
Muslim Community could only come out successful, nay, survive, if the Muslims possessed high
moral character. They were, therefore, enjoined to adopt the highest moral qualities and were
severely criticized whenever any moral weakness was detected in them.
Though this surah mainly deals with the moral and social reforms, yet due attention has been paid
to propagation of Islam. On the one hand, the superiority of the Islamic morality and culture has
been established over that of the Jews, Christians and mushriks; on the other hand, their wrong
religious conceptions, their wrong morality and their evil acts have been criticized to prepare the
ground for inviting them to the way of the Truth.
Subject: Consolidation of the Islamic Community
The main object of this surah is to teach the Muslims the ways that unite a people and make them
firm and strong. Introductions for the stability of family, which is the nucleus of community have
been given. Then they have been urged to prepare themselves for defence. Side by side with
these, they have been taught the importance of the propagation of Islam. Above all, the
importance of the highest moral character in the scheme of consolidation of the Community has
been impressed.
In the name of Allah, the Compassionate, the Merciful.
004.001
O mankind! reverence your Guardian-Lord, who created you from
a single person, created, of like nature, His mate, and from them twain
scattered (like seeds) countless men and women;- reverence Allah, through
whom ye demand your mutual (rights), and (reverence) the wombs (That bore
you): for Allah ever watches over you.
004.002
To orphans restore their property (When they reach their age),
nor substitute (your) worthless things for (their) good ones; and devour
not their substance (by mixing it up) with your own. For this is indeed a
great sin.
004.003
If ye fear that ye shall not be able to deal justly with the
orphans, Marry women of your choice, Two or three or four; but if ye fear
that ye shall not be able to deal justly (with them), then only one, or (a
captive) that your right hands possess, that will be more suitable, to
prevent you from doing injustice.
004.004
And give the women (on marriage) their dower as a free gift;
but if they, of their own good pleasure, remit any part of it to you, Take
it and enjoy it with right good cheer.
004.005
To those weak of understanding Make not over your property,
which Allah hath made a means of support for you, but feed and clothe them
therewith, and speak to them words of kindness and justice.
004.006
Make trial of orphans until they reach the age of marriage; if
then ye find sound judgment in them, release their property to them; but
consume it not wastefully, nor in haste against their growing up. If the
guardian is well-off, Let him claim no remuneration, but if he is poor, let
him have for himself what is just and reasonable. When ye release their
property to them, take witnesses in their presence: But all-sufficient is
Allah in taking account.
004.007
From what is left by parents and those nearest related there
is a share for men and a share for women, whether the property be small or
large,-a determinate share.
004.008
But if at the time of division other relatives, or orphans or
poor, are present, feed them out of the (property), and speak to them words
of kindness and justice.
004.009
Let those (disposing of an estate) have the same fear in their
minds as they would have for their own if they had left a helpless family
behind: Let them fear Allah, and speak words of appropriate (comfort).
004.010
Those who unjustly eat up the property of orphans, eat up a
Fire into their own bodies: They will soon be enduring a Blazing Fire!
004.011
Allah (thus) directs you as regards your Children's
(Inheritance): to the male, a portion equal to that of two females: if only
daughters, two or more, their share is two-thirds of the inheritance; if
only one, her share is a half. For parents, a sixth share of the
inheritance to each, if the deceased left children; if no children, and the
parents are the (only) heirs, the mother has a third; if the deceased Left
brothers (or sisters) the mother has a sixth. (The distribution in all
cases ('s) after the payment of legacies and debts. Ye know not whether
your parents or your children are nearest to you in benefit. These are
settled portions ordained by Allah; and Allah is All-knowing, Al-wise.
004.012
In what your wives leave, your share is a half, if they leave
no child; but if they leave a child, ye get a fourth; after payment of
legacies and debts. In what ye leave, their share is a fourth, if ye leave
no child; but if ye leave a child, they get an eighth; after payment of
legacies and debts. If the man or woman whose inheritance is in question,
has left neither ascendants nor descendants, but has left a brother or a
sister, each one of the two gets a sixth; but if more than two, they share
in a third; after payment of legacies and debts; so that no loss is caused
(to any one). Thus is it ordained by Allah; and Allah is All-knowing, Most
Forbearing.
004.013
Those are limits set by Allah: those who obey Allah and His
Messenger will be admitted to Gardens with rivers flowing beneath, to abide
therein (for ever) and that will be the supreme achievement.
004.014
But those who disobey Allah and His Messenger and transgress His
limits will be admitted to a Fire, to abide therein: And they shall have a
humiliating punishment.
004.015
If any of your women are guilty of lewdness, Take the evidence
of four (Reliable) witnesses from amongst you against them; and if they
testify, confine them to houses until death do claim them, or Allah ordain
for them some (other) way.
004.016
If two men among you are guilty of lewdness, punish them both.
If they repent and amend, Leave them alone; for Allah is Oft-returning, Most
Merciful.
004.017
Allah accept the repentance of those who do evil in ignorance
and repent soon afterwards; to them will Allah turn in mercy: For Allah is full
of knowledge and wisdom.
004.018
Of no effect is the repentance of those who continue to do
evil, until death faces one of them, and he says, "Now have I repented
indeed;" nor of those who die rejecting Faith: for them have We prepared a
punishment most grievous.
004.019
O ye who believe! Ye are forbidden to inherit women against
their will. Nor should ye treat them with harshness, that ye may Take away
part of the dower ye have given them,-except where they have been guilty of
open lewdness; on the contrary live with them on a footing of kindness and
equity. If ye take a dislike to them it may be that ye dislike a thing, and
Allah brings about through it a great deal of good.
004.020
But if ye decide to take one wife in place of another, even if
ye had given the latter a whole treasure for dower, Take not the least bit
of it back: Would ye take it by slander and manifest wrong?
004.021
And how could ye take it when ye have gone in unto each other,
and they have Taken from you a solemn covenant?
004.022
And marry not women whom your fathers married,- except what is
past: It was shameful and odious,- an abominable custom indeed.
004.023
Prohibited to you (For marriage) are:- Your mothers,
daughters, sisters; father's sisters, Mother's sisters; brother's
daughters, sister's daughters; foster-mothers (Who gave you suck),
foster-sisters; your wives' mothers; your step-daughters under your
guardianship, born of your wives to whom ye have gone in,- no prohibition
if ye have not gone in;- (Those who have been) wives of your sons
proceeding from your loins; and two sisters in wedlock at one and the same
time, except for what is past; for Allah is Oft-forgiving, Most Merciful;-
004.024
Also (prohibited are) women already married, except those whom
your right hands possess: Thus hath Allah ordained (Prohibitions) against
you: Except for these, all others are lawful, provided ye seek (them in
marriage) with gifts from your property,- desiring chastity, not lust,
seeing that ye derive benefit from them, give them their dowers (at least)
as prescribed; but if, after a dower is prescribed, agree Mutually (to vary
it), there is no blame on you, and Allah is All-knowing, All-wise.
004.025
If any of you have not the means wherewith to wed free
believing women, they may wed believing girls from among those whom your
right hands possess: And Allah hath full knowledge about your faith. Ye are
one from another: Wed them with the leave of their owners, and give them
their dowers, according to what is reasonable: They should be chaste, not
lustful, nor taking paramours: when they are taken in wedlock, if they fall
into shame, their punishment is half that for free women. This (permission)
is for those among you who fear sin; but it is better for you that ye
practise self-restraint. And Allah is Oft-forgiving, Most Merciful.
004.026
Allah doth wish to make clear to you and to show you the
ordinances of those before you; and (He doth wish to) turn to you (In
Mercy): And Allah is All-knowing, All-wise.
004.027
Allah doth wish to Turn to you, but the wish of those who follow
their lusts is that ye should turn away (from Him),- far, far away.
004.028
Allah doth wish to lighten your (difficulties): For man was
created Weak (in flesh).
004.029
O ye who believe! Eat not up your property among yourselves in
vanities: But let there be amongst you Traffic and trade by mutual
good-will: Nor kill (or destroy) yourselves: for verily Allah hath been to
you Most Merciful!
004.030
If any do that in rancour and injustice,- soon shall We cast
them into the Fire: And easy it is for Allah.
004.031
If ye (but) eschew the most heinous of the things which ye are
forbidden to do, We shall expel out of you all the evil in you, and admit
you to a gate of great honour.
004.032
And in no wise covet those things in which Allah Hath bestowed
His gifts More freely on some of you than on others: To men is allotted
what they earn, and to women what they earn: But ask Allah of His bounty. For
Allah hath full knowledge of all things.
004.033
To (benefit) every one, We have appointed shares and heirs to
property left by parents and relatives. To those, also, to whom your right
hand was pledged, give their due portion. For truly Allah is witness to all
things.
004.034
Men are the protectors and maintainers of women, because Allah
has given the one more (strength) than the other, and because they support
them from their means. Therefore the righteous women are devoutly obedient,
and guard in (the husband's) absence what Allah would have them guard. As to
those women on whose part ye fear disloyalty and ill-conduct, admonish them
(first), (Next), refuse to share their beds, (And last) beat them
(lightly); but if they return to obedience, seek not against them Means (of
annoyance): For Allah is Most High, great (above you all).
004.035
If ye fear a breach between them twain, appoint (two)
arbiters, one from his family, and the other from hers; if they wish for
peace, Allah will cause their reconciliation: For Allah hath full knowledge,
and is acquainted with all things.
004.036
Serve Allah, and join not any partners with Him; and do good- to
parents, kinsfolk, orphans, those in need, neighbours who are near,
neighbours who are strangers, the companion by your side, the wayfarer (ye
meet), and what your right hands possess: For Allah loveth not the arrogant,
the vainglorious;-
004.037
(Nor) those who are niggardly or enjoin niggardliness on
others, or hide the bounties which Allah hath bestowed on them; for We have
prepared, for those who resist Faith, a punishment that steeps them in
contempt;-
004.038
Not those who spend of their substance, to be seen of men, but
have no faith in Allah and the Last Day: If any take the Evil One for their
intimate, what a dreadful intimate he is!
004.039
And what burden Were it on them if they had faith in Allah and
in the Last Day, and they spent out of what Allah hath given them for
sustenance? For Allah hath full knowledge of them.
004.040
Allah is never unjust in the least degree: If there is any good
(done), He doubleth it, and giveth from His own presence a great reward.
004.041
How then if We brought from each people a witness, and We
brought thee as a witness against these people!
004.042
On that day those who reject Faith and disobey the messenger
will wish that the earth Were made one with them: But never will they hide
a single fact from Allah!
004.043
O ye who believe! Approach not prayers with a mind befogged,
until ye can understand all that ye say,- nor in a state of ceremonial
impurity (Except when travelling on the road), until after washing your
whole body. If ye are ill, or on a journey, or one of you cometh from
offices of nature, or ye have been in contact with women, and ye find no
water, then take for yourselves clean sand or earth, and rub therewith your
faces and hands. For Allah doth blot out sins and forgive again and again.
004.044
Hast thou not turned Thy vision to those who were given a
portion of the Book? they traffic in error, and wish that ye should lose
the right path.
004.045
But Allah hath full knowledge of your enemies: Allah is enough for
a protector, and Allah is enough for a Helper.
004.046
Of the Jews there are those who displace words from their
(right) places, and say: "We hear and we disobey"; and "Hear what is not
Heard"; and "Ra'ina"; with a twist of their tongues and a slander to Faith.
If only they had said: "What hear and we obey"; and "Do hear"; and "Do look
at us"; it would have been better for them, and more proper; but Allah hath
cursed them for their Unbelief; and but few of them will believe.
004.047
O ye People of the Book! believe in what We have (now)
revealed, confirming what was (already) with you, before We change the face
and fame of some (of you) beyond all recognition, and turn them hindwards,
or curse them as We cursed the Sabbath-breakers, for the decision of Allah
Must be carried out.
004.048
Allah forgiveth not that partners should be set up with Him; but
He forgiveth anything else, to whom He pleaseth; to set up partners with
Allah is to devise a sin Most heinous indeed.
004.049
Hast thou not turned Thy vision to those who claim sanctity
for themselves? Nay-but Allah Doth sanctify whom He pleaseth. But never will
they fail to receive justice in the least little thing.
004.050
Behold! how they invent a lie against Allah! but that by itself
is a manifest sin!
004.051
Hast thou not turned Thy vision to those who were given a
portion of the Book? they believe in sorcery and Evil, and say to the
Unbelievers that they are better guided in the (right) way Than the believers!
004.052
They are (men) whom Allah hath cursed: And those whom Allah Hath
cursed, thou wilt find, have no one to help.
004.053
Have they a share in dominion or power? Behold, they give not
a farthing to their fellow-men?
004.054
Or do they envy mankind for what Allah hath given them of his
bounty? but We had already given the people of Abraham the Book and Wisdom,
and conferred upon them a great kingdom.
004.055
Some of them believed, and some of them averted their faces
from him: And enough is Hell for a burning fire.
004.056
Those who reject our Signs, We shall soon cast into the Fire:
as often as their skins are roasted through, We shall change them for fresh
skins, that they may taste the penalty: for Allah is Exalted in Power, Wise.
004.057
But those who believe and do deeds of righteousness, We shall
soon admit to Gardens, with rivers flowing beneath,- their eternal home:
Therein shall they have companions pure and holy: We shall admit them to
shades, cool and ever deepening.
004.058
Allah doth command you to render back your Trusts to those to
whom they are due; And when ye judge between man and man, that ye judge
with justice: Verily how excellent is the teaching which He giveth you! For
Allah is He Who heareth and seeth all things.
004.059
O ye who believe! Obey Allah, and obey the Messenger, and those
charged with authority among you. If ye differ in anything among
yourselves, refer it to Allah and His Messenger, if ye do believe in Allah and
the Last Day: That is best, and most suitable for final determination.
004.060
Hast thou not turned Thy vision to those who declare that they
believe in the revelations that have come to thee and to those before thee?
Their (real) wish is to resort together for judgment (in their disputes) to
the Evil One, though they were ordered to reject him. But Satan's wish is
to lead them astray far away (from the right).
004.061
When it is said to them: "Come to what Allah hath revealed, and
to the Messenger": Thou seest the Hypocrites avert their faces from thee in
disgust.
004.062
How then, when they are seized by misfortune, because of the
deeds which they hands have sent forth? Then their come to thee, swearing
by Allah: "We meant no more than good-will and conciliation!"
004.063
Those men,-Allah knows what is in their hearts; so keep clear of
them, but admonish them, and speak to them a word to reach their very
souls.
004.064
We sent not a messenger, but to be obeyed, in accordance with
the will of Allah. If they had only, when they were unjust to themselves,
come unto thee and asked Allah's forgiveness, and the Messenger had asked
forgiveness for them, they would have found Allah indeed Oft-returning, Most
Merciful.
004.065
But no, by the Lord, they can have no (real) Faith, until they
make thee judge in all disputes between them, and find in their souls no
resistance against Thy decisions, but accept them with the fullest conviction.
004.066
If We had ordered them to sacrifice their lives or to leave
their homes, very few of them would have done it: But if they had done what
they were (actually) told, it would have been best for them, and would have
gone farthest to strengthen their (faith);
004.067
And We should then have given them from our presence a great reward;
004.068
And We should have shown them the Straight Way.
004.069
All who obey Allah and the messenger are in the company of those
on whom is the Grace of Allah,- of the prophets (who teach), the sincere
(lovers of Truth), the witnesses (who testify), and the Righteous (who do
good): Ah! what a beautiful fellowship!
004.070
Such is the bounty from Allah: And sufficient is it that Allah
knoweth all.
004.071
O ye who believe! Take your precautions, and either go forth
in parties or go forth all together.
004.072
There are certainly among you men who would tarry behind: If a
misfortune befalls you, they say: "Allah did favour us in that we were not
present among them."
004.073
But if good fortune comes to you from Allah, they would be sure
to say - as if there had never been Ties of affection between you and them
- "Oh! I wish I had been with them; a fine thing should I then have made of
it!"
004.074
Let those fight in the cause of Allah Who sell the life of this
world for the hereafter. To him who fighteth in the cause of Allah,- whether
he is slain or gets victory - Soon shall We give him a reward of great (value).
004.075
And why should ye not fight in the cause of Allah and of those
who, being weak, are ill-treated (and oppressed)?- Men, women, and
children, whose cry is: "Our Lord! Rescue us from this town, whose people
are oppressors; and raise for us from thee one who will protect; and raise
for us from thee one who will help!"
004.076
Those who believe fight in the cause of Allah, and those who
reject Faith Fight in the cause of Evil: So fight ye against the friends of
Satan: feeble indeed is the cunning of Satan.
004.077
Hast thou not turned Thy vision to those who were told to hold
back their hands (from fight) but establish regular prayers and spend in
regular charity? When (at length) the order for fighting was issued to
them, behold! a section of them feared men as - or even more than - they
should have feared Allah: They said: "Our Lord! Why hast Thou ordered us to
fight? Wouldst Thou not Grant us respite to our (natural) term, near
(enough)?" Say: "Short is the enjoyment of this world: the Hereafter is the
best for those who do right: Never will ye be dealt with unjustly in the
very least!
004.078
"Wherever ye are, death will find you out, even if ye are in
towers built up strong and high!" If some good befalls them, they say,
"This is from Allah"; but if evil, they say, "This is from thee" (O Prophet).
Say: "All things are from Allah." But what hath come to these people, that
they fail to understand a single fact?
004.079
Whatever good, (O man!) happens to thee, is from Allah; but
whatever evil happens to thee, is from thy (own) soul. and We have sent
thee as a messenger to (instruct) mankind. And enough is Allah for a witness.
004.080
He who obeys the Messenger, obeys Allah: But if any turn away, We
have not sent thee to watch over their (evil deeds).
004.081
They have "Obedience" on their lips; but when they leave thee,
a section of them Meditate all night on things very different from what
thou tellest them. But Allah records their nightly (plots): So keep clear of
them, and put thy trust in Allah, and enough is Allah as a disposer of affairs.
004.082
Do they not consider the Qur'an (with care)? Had it been from
other Than Allah, they would surely have found therein Much discrepancy.
004.083
When there comes to them some matter touching (Public) safety
or fear, they divulge it. If they had only referred it to the Messenger, or
to those charged with authority among them, the proper investigators would
have Tested it from them (direct). Were it not for the Grace and Mercy of
Allah unto you, all but a few of you would have fallen into the clutches of
Satan.
004.084
Then fight in Allah's cause - Thou art held responsible only for
thyself - and rouse the believers. It may be that Allah will restrain the
fury of the Unbelievers; for Allah is the strongest in might and in punishment.
004.085
Whoever recommends and helps a good cause becomes a partner
therein: And whoever recommends and helps an evil cause, shares in its
burden: And Allah hath power over all things.
004.086
When a (courteous) greeting is offered you, meet it with a
greeting still more courteous, or (at least) of equal courtesy. Allah takes
careful account of all things.
004.087
Allah! There is no god but He: of a surety He will gather you
together against the Day of Judgment, about which there is no doubt. And
whose word can be truer than Allah's?
004.088
Why should ye be divided into two parties about the
Hypocrites? Allah hath upset them for their (evil) deeds. Would ye guide
those whom Allah hath thrown out of the Way? For those whom Allah hath thrown
out of the Way, never shalt thou find the Way.
004.089
They but wish that ye should reject Faith, as they do, and
thus be on the same footing (as they): But take not friends from their
ranks until they flee in the way of Allah (From what is forbidden). But if
they turn renegades, seize them and slay them wherever ye find them; and
(in any case) take no friends or helpers from their ranks;-
004.090
Except those who join a group between whom and you there is a
treaty (of peace), or those who approach you with hearts restraining them
from fighting you as well as fighting their own people. If Allah had pleased,
He could have given them power over you, and they would have fought you:
Therefore if they withdraw from you but fight you not, and (instead) send
you (Guarantees of) peace, then Allah Hath opened no way for you (to war
against them).
004.091
Others you will find that wish to gain your confidence as well
as that of their people: Every time they are sent back to temptation, they
succumb thereto: if they withdraw not from you nor give you (guarantees)
of peace besides restraining their hands, seize them and slay them wherever
ye get them: In their case We have provided you with a clear argument
against them.
004.092
Never should a believer kill a believer; but (If it so
happens) by mistake, (Compensation is due): If one (so) kills a believer,
it is ordained that he should free a believing slave, and pay compensation
to the deceased's family, unless they remit it freely. If the deceased
belonged to a people at war with you, and he was a believer, the freeing of
a believing slave (Is enough). If he belonged to a people with whom ye have
treaty of Mutual alliance, compensation should be paid to his family, and a
believing slave be freed. For those who find this beyond their means, (is
prescribed) a fast for two months running: by way of repentance to Allah: for
Allah hath all knowledge and all wisdom.
004.093
If a man kills a believer intentionally, his recompense is
Hell, to abide therein (For ever): And the wrath and the curse of Allah are
upon him, and a dreadful penalty is prepared for him.
004.094
O ye who believe! When ye go abroad in the cause of Allah,
investigate carefully, and say not to any one who offers you a salutation:
"Thou art none of a believer!" Coveting the perishable goods of this life:
with Allah are profits and spoils abundant. Even thus were ye yourselves
before, till Allah conferred on you His favours: Therefore carefully
investigate. For Allah is well aware of all that ye do.
004.095
Not equal are those believers who sit (at home) and receive no
hurt, and those who strive and fight in the cause of Allah with their goods
and their persons. Allah hath granted a grade higher to those who strive and
fight with their goods and persons than to those who sit (at home). Unto
all (in Faith) Hath Allah promised good: But those who strive and fight Hath
He distinguished above those who sit (at home) by a special reward,-
004.096
Ranks specially bestowed by Him, and Forgiveness and Mercy.
For Allah is Oft-forgiving, Most Merciful.
004.097
When angels take the souls of those who die in sin against
their souls, they say: "In what (plight) Were ye?" They reply: "Weak and
oppressed Were we in the earth." They say: "Was not the earth of Allah
spacious enough for you to move yourselves away (From evil)?" Such men will
find their abode in Hell,- What an evil refuge! -
004.098
Except those who are (really) weak and oppressed - men, women,
and children - who have no means in their power, nor (a guide-post) to
their way.
004.099
For these, there is hope that Allah will forgive: For Allah doth
blot out (sins) and forgive again and again.
004.100
He who forsakes his home in the cause of Allah, finds in the
earth Many a refuge, wide and spacious: Should he die as a refugee from
home for Allah and His Messenger, His reward becomes due and sure with Allah: And
Allah is Oft-forgiving, Most Merciful.
004.101
When ye travel through the earth, there is no blame on you if
ye shorten your prayers, for fear the Unbelievers May attack you: For the
Unbelievers are unto you open enemies.
004.102
When thou (O Messenger) art with them, and standest to lead them
in prayer, Let one party of them stand up (in prayer) with thee, Taking
their arms with them: When they finish their prostrations, let them Take
their position in the rear. And let the other party come up which hath not
yet prayed - and let them pray with thee, Taking all precaution, and
bearing arms: the Unbelievers wish, if ye were negligent of your arms and
your baggage, to assault you in a single rush. But there is no blame on you
if ye put away your arms because of the inconvenience of rain or because ye
are ill; but take (every) precaution for yourselves. For the Unbelievers
Allah hath prepared a humiliating punishment.
004.103
When ye pass (Congregational) prayers, celebrate Allah's
praises, standing, sitting down, or lying down on your sides; but when ye
are free from danger, set up Regular Prayers: For such prayers are enjoined
on believers at stated times.
004.104
And slacken not in following up the enemy: If ye are suffering
hardships, they are suffering similar hardships; but ye have Hope from Allah,
while they have none. And Allah is full of knowledge and wisdom.
004.105
We have sent down to thee the Book in truth, that thou
mightest judge between men, as guided by Allah: so be not (used) as an
advocate by those who betray their trust;
004.106
But seek the forgiveness of Allah; for Allah is Oft-forgiving,
Most Merciful.
004.107
Contend not on behalf of such as betray their own souls; for
Allah loveth not one given to perfidy and crime:
004.108
They may hide (Their crimes) from men, but they cannot hide
(Them) from Allah, seeing that He is in their midst when they plot by night,
in words that He cannot approve: And Allah Doth compass round all that they
do.
004.109
Ah! These are the sort of men on whose behalf ye may contend
in this world; but who will contend with Allah on their behalf on the Day of
Judgment, or who will carry their affairs through?
004.110
If any one does evil or wrongs his own soul but afterwards
seeks Allah's forgiveness, he will find Allah Oft-forgiving, Most Merciful.
004.111
And if any one earns sin. he earns it against His own soul:
for Allah is full of knowledge and wisdom.
004.112
But if any one earns a fault or a sin and throws it on to one
that is innocent, He carries (on himself) (Both) a falsehood and a flagrant
sin.
004.113
But for the Grace of Allah to thee and his Mercy, a party of
them would certainly have plotted to lead thee astray. But (in fact) they
will only Lead their own souls astray, and to thee they can do no harm in
the least. For Allah hath sent down to thee the Book and wisdom and taught
thee what thou Knewest not (before): And great is the Grace of Allah unto thee.
004.114
In most of their secret talks there is no good: But if one
exhorts to a deed of charity or justice or conciliation between men,
(Secrecy is permissible): To him who does this, seeking the good pleasure
of Allah, We shall soon give a reward of the highest (value).
004.115
If anyone contends with the Messenger even after guidance has
been plainly conveyed to him, and follows a path other than that becoming
to men of Faith, We shall leave him in the path he has chosen, and land him
in Hell,- what an evil refuge!
004.116
Allah forgiveth not (The sin of) joining other gods with Him;
but He forgiveth whom He pleaseth other sins than this: one who joins other
gods with Allah, Hath strayed far, far away (from the right).
004.117
(The Pagans), leaving Him, call but upon female deities: They
call but upon satan the persistent rebel!
004.118
Allah did curse him, but he said: "I will take of Thy servants a
portion Marked off;
004.119
"I will mislead them, and I will create in them false desires;
I will order them to slit the ears of cattle, and to deface the (fair)
nature created by Allah." Whoever, forsaking Allah, takes satan for a friend,
hath of a surety suffered a loss that is manifest.
004.120
Satan makes them promises, and creates in them false desires;
but satan's promises are nothing but deception.
004.121
They (his dupes) will have their dwelling in Hell, and from it
they will find no way of escape.
004.122
But those who believe and do deeds of righteousness,- we shall
soon admit them to gardens, with rivers flowing beneath,-to dwell therein
for ever. Allah's promise is the truth, and whose word can be truer than Allah's?
004.123
Not your desires, nor those of the People of the Book (can
prevail): whoever works evil, will be requited accordingly. Nor will he
find, besides Allah, any protector or helper.
004.124
If any do deeds of righteousness,- be they male or female -
and have faith, they will enter Heaven, and not the least injustice will be
done to them.
004.125
Who can be better in religion than one who submits his whole
self to Allah, does good, and follows the way of Abraham the true in Faith?
For Allah did take Abraham for a friend.
004.126
But to Allah belong all things in the heavens and on earth: And
He it is that Encompasseth all things.
004.127
They ask thy instruction concerning the women say: Allah doth
instruct you about them: And (remember) what hath been rehearsed unto you
in the Book, concerning the orphans of women to whom ye give not the
portions prescribed, and yet whom ye desire to marry, as also concerning
the children who are weak and oppressed: that ye stand firm for justice to
orphans. There is not a good deed which ye do, but Allah is well-acquainted
therewith.
004.128
If a wife fears cruelty or desertion on her husband's part,
there is no blame on them if they arrange an amicable settlement between
themselves; and such settlement is best; even though men's souls are swayed
by greed. But if ye do good and practise self-restraint, Allah is
well-acquainted with all that ye do.
004.129
Ye are never able to be fair and just as between women, even
if it is your ardent desire: But turn not away (from a woman) altogether,
so as to leave her (as it were) hanging (in the air). If ye come to a
friendly understanding, and practise self-restraint, Allah is Oft-forgiving,
Most Merciful.
004.130
But if they disagree (and must part), Allah will provide
abundance for all from His all-reaching bounty: for Allah is He that careth
for all and is Wise.
004.131
To Allah belong all things in the heavens and on earth. Verily
we have directed the People of the Book before you, and you (o Muslims) to
fear Allah. But if ye deny Him, lo! unto Allah belong all things in the heavens
and on earth, and Allah is free of all wants, worthy of all praise.
004.132
Yea, unto Allah belong all things in the heavens and on earth,
and enough is Allah to carry through all affairs.
004.133
If it were His will, He could destroy you, o mankind, and
create another race; for He hath power this to do.
004.134
If any one desires a reward in this life, in Allah's (gift) is
the reward (both) of this life and of the hereafter: for Allah is He that
heareth and seeth (all things).
004.135
O ye who believe! stand out firmly for justice, as witnesses
to Allah, even as against yourselves, or your parents, or your kin, and
whether it be (against) rich or poor: for Allah can best protect both. Follow
not the lusts (of your hearts), lest ye swerve, and if ye distort (justice)
or decline to do justice, verily Allah is well-acquainted with all that ye
do.
004.136
O ye who believe! Believe in Allah and His Messenger, and the
scripture which He hath sent to His Messenger and the scripture which He sent
to those before (him). Any who denieth Allah, His angels, His Books, His
Messengers, and the Day of Judgment, hath gone far, far astray.
004.137
Those who believe, then reject faith, then believe (again) and
(again) reject faith, and go on increasing in unbelief,- Allah will not
forgive them nor guide them nor guide them on the way.
004.138
To the Hypocrites give the glad tidings that there is for them
(but) a grievous penalty;-
004.139
Yea, to those who take for friends unbelievers rather than
believers: is it honour they seek among them? Nay,- all honour is with
Allah.
004.140
Already has He sent you Word in the Book, that when ye hear
the signs of Allah held in defiance and ridicule, ye are not to sit with them
unless they turn to a different theme: if ye did, ye would be like them.
For Allah will collect the hypocrites and those who defy faith - all in
Hell:-
004.141
(These are) the ones who wait and watch about you: if ye do
gain a victory from Allah, they say: "Were we not with you?"- but if the
unbelievers gain a success, they say (to them): "Did we not gain an
advantage over you, and did we not guard you from the believers?" but Allah
will judge betwixt you on the Day of Judgment. And never will Allah grant to
the unbelievers a way (to triumphs) over the believers.
004.142
The Hypocrites - they think they are over-reaching Allah, but He
will over-reach them: When they stand up to prayer, they stand without
earnestness, to be seen of men, but little do they hold Allah in
remembrance;
004.143
(They are) distracted in mind even in the midst of it,- being
(sincerely) for neither one group nor for another whom Allah leaves
straying,- never wilt thou find for him the way.
004.144
O ye who believe! Take not for friends unbelievers rather than
believers: Do ye wish to offer Allah an open proof against yourselves?
004.145
The Hypocrites will be in the lowest depths of the Fire: no
helper wilt thou find for them;-
004.146
Except for those who repent, mend (their lives) hold fast to
Allah, and purify their religion as in Allah's sight: if so they will be
(numbered) with the believers. And soon will Allah grant to the believers a
reward of immense value.
004.147
What can Allah gain by your punishment, if ye are grateful and
ye believe? Nay, it is Allah that recogniseth (all good), and knoweth all
things.
004.148
Allah loveth not that evil should be noised abroad in public
speech, except where injustice hath been done; for Allah is He who heareth
and knoweth all things.
004.149
Whether ye publish a good deed or conceal it or cover evil
with pardon, verily Allah doth blot out (sins) and hath power (in the
judgment of values).
004.150
Those who deny Allah and His messengers, and (those who) wish to
separate Allah from His messengers, saying: "We believe in some but reject
others": And (those who) wish to take a course midway,-
004.151
They are in truth (equally) unbelievers; and we have prepared
for unbelievers a humiliating punishment.
004.152
To those who believe in Allah and His messengers and make no
distinction between any of the messengers, we shall soon give their (due)
rewards: for Allah is Oft-forgiving, Most Merciful.
004.153
The people of the Book ask thee to cause a book to descend to
them from heaven: Indeed they asked Moses for an even greater (miracle),
for they said: "Show us Allah in public," but they were dazed for their
presumption, with thunder and lightning. Yet they worshipped the calf even
after clear signs had come to them; even so we forgave them; and gave Moses
manifest proofs of authority.
004.154
And for their covenant we raised over them (the towering
height) of Mount (Sinai); and (on another occasion) we said: "Enter the
gate with humility"; and (once again) we commanded them: "Transgress not in
the matter of the sabbath." And we took from them a solemn covenant.
004.155
(They have incurred divine displeasure): In that they broke
their covenant; that they rejected the signs of Allah; that they slew the
Messengers in defiance of right; that they said, "Our hearts are the
wrappings (which preserve Allah's Word; We need no more)";- Nay, Allah hath set
the seal on their hearts for their blasphemy, and little is it they
believe;-
004.156
That they rejected Faith; that they uttered against Mary a
grave false charge;
004.157
That they said (in boast), "We killed Christ Jesus the son of
Mary, the Messenger of Allah";- but they killed him not, nor crucified him, but
so it was made to appear to them, and those who differ therein are full of
doubts, with no (certain) knowledge, but only conjecture to follow, for of
a surety they killed him not:-
004.158
Nay, Allah raised him up unto Himself; and Allah is Exalted in
Power, Wise;-
004.159
And there is none of the People of the Book but must believe
in him before his death; and on the Day of Judgment he will be a witness
against them;-
004.160
For the iniquity of the Jews We made unlawful for them certain
(foods) good and wholesome which had been lawful for them;- in that they
hindered many from Allah's Way;-
004.161
That they took usury, though they were forbidden; and that
they devoured men's substance wrongfully;- we have prepared for those among
them who reject faith a grievous punishment.
004.162
But those among them who are well-grounded in knowledge, and
the believers, believe in what hath been revealed to thee and what was
revealed before thee: And (especially) those who establish regular prayer
and practise regular charity and believe in Allah and in the Last Day: To
them shall We soon give a great reward.
004.163
We have sent thee inspiration, as We sent it to Noah and the
Messengers after him: we sent inspiration to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob
and the Tribes, to Jesus, Job, Jonah, Aaron, and solomon, and to David We
gave the Psalms.
004.164
Of some messengers We have already told thee the story; of
others We have not;- and to Moses Allah spoke direct;-
004.165
Messengers who gave good news as well as warning, that mankind, after (the
coming) of the messengers, should have no plea against Allah: For
Allah is Exalted in Power, Wise.
004.166
But Allah beareth witness that what He hath sent unto thee He
hath sent from His (own) knowledge, and the angels bear witness: But enough
is Allah for a witness.
004.167
Those who reject Faith and keep off (men) from the way of Allah,
have verily strayed far, far away from the Path.
004.168
Those who reject Faith and do wrong,- Allah will not forgive
them nor guide them to any way-
004.169
Except the way of Hell, to dwell therein for ever. And this to
Allah is easy.
004.170
O Mankind! The Messenger hath come to you in truth from Allah:
believe in him: It is best for you. But if ye reject Faith, to Allah belong
all things in the heavens and on earth: And Allah is All-knowing, All-wise.
004.171
O People of the Book! Commit no excesses in your religion: Nor
say of Allah aught but the truth. Christ Jesus the son of Mary was (no more
than) a messenger of Allah, and His Word, which He bestowed on Mary, and a
spirit proceeding from Him: so believe in Allah and His messengers. Say not
"Trinity" : desist: it will be better for you: for Allah is one Allah: Glory be
to Him: (far exalted is He) above having a son. To Him belong all things in
the heavens and on earth. And enough is Allah as a Disposer of affairs.
004.172
Christ disdaineth nor to serve and worship Allah, nor do the
angels, those nearest (to Allah): those who disdain His worship and are
arrogant,-He will gather them all together unto Himself to (answer).
004.173
But to those who believe and do deeds of righteousness, He
will give their (due) rewards,- and more, out of His bounty: But those who
are disdainful and arrogant, He will punish with a grievous penalty; Nor
will they find, besides Allah, any to protect or help them.
004.174
O mankind! verily there hath come to you a convincing proof
from your Lord: For We have sent unto you a light (that is) manifest.
004.175
Then those who believe in Allah, and hold fast to Him,- soon
will He admit them to mercy and grace from Himself, and guide them to
Himself by a straight way.
004.176
They ask thee for a legal decision. Say: Allah directs (thus)
about those who leave no descendants or ascendants as heirs. If it is a man
that dies, leaving a sister but no child, she shall have half the
inheritance: If (such a deceased was) a woman, who left no child, Her
brother takes her inheritance: If there are two sisters, they shall have
two-thirds of the inheritance (between them): if there are brothers and
sisters, (they share), the male having twice the share of the female. Thus
doth Allah make clear to you (His law), lest ye err. And Allah hath knowledge
of all things.
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